Locke on the Social Contract Theory

Social Contract Theory is a philosophy, which states that political and moral obligations of a person are rendered to him, upon an agreement between the ruler and the society. This agreement governs both the ruler and the ruled society to act in accordance with one another. John Locke, along with Thomas Hobbes and Jean Jacques Rousseau, is one of the best known proponents of this theory, which emerged as one of the most influential political theories in the history of the Modern West. Social Contract Theory was an answer to reject the Divine Right Theory, which was used by kings and queens as their basis for their right to rule. Locke’s most important and influential writings are in his book, Two Treatises on Government. The first treatise in his writing is geared towards the rejection of Divine Right theory; and the second treatise states Locke’s own views on the justification for the civil government, which he entitled An Essay Concerning the True Original Extent and End of Civil Government. John Locke’s Social Contract Theory held a positive view about human nature. He argued that humans have a gift of reason, and man’s natural condition is a state of perfect and complete liberty wherein, humans live their lives at its best without interference from other people. People are assumed to be in equal footing with one another and are bound by the Law of Nature. This Law of Nature however is according to Locke’s view is the basis of all morality, and thus must not extend to harm other people’s rights with regards to their life, health, liberty or possessions (Locke 2003). Further more, as his concept of State of Nature lacks civil power amongst men and an appeal to the Law of Nature allowing people to defend themselves. Because of this lack of authority, a war is likely to break out, thus prompting the reason to abandon the State of Nature and recognize a contract that shall in turn form a government. This, as a result to man’s having the ability to think rationally, humans submit themselves to a higher authority for the protection of their rights. However, in Locke’s Social Contract Theory, a rational individual will only agree to a government, with minimal and limited control, and a government that is controlled by the citizens. Because for Locke, the government can be easily lured to become restrictive, corrupt and abusive of powers, thus prompting the individuals to always retain some power over the government for the sake of freedom and equality. This issue concerning freedom has always been central to Locke’s market government. Government must always employ the right blend of freedom and restrictions with it. For the people, their property and lives are their rational interests; and their concept to form a government is geared towards the protection of these interests. Therefore, the people, although putting the security of their rights in the government, are still fearful of the government’s potential power (The Social Contract). Thus, according to Locke, should the government cease to become responsive to its citizens, the government should be overthrown. They still hold the right to revolt against their ruler if they realize that their ruler is no longer able to cater to their needs and has been abusive and oppressive to the rights of man. Locke also supported the idea of laissez-faire, wherein there will be limited government intervention for the market to be able to generate a prosperous civil society based on individual’s rational competition. Locke’s version of the theory has played a great role in the development of the Western politics, particularly in America. His social contract plus laissez faire, has also became the basis for market institutions. Locke’s theory has been influential to the current criminal justice system, with property playing an essential role in the society’s government and contract that establishes it. With the State of Nature being itself chaotic when no one is bound to control the state of liberty for men, hence bringing about the State of War, and eventually creating the need to establish a contract between the ruler and the ruled society to enable people to rightfully defend their life and liberty. Thus, the need to protect their properties has prompted the people to abandon the State of Nature and form the social contract between the civil society and the government. Given the great influence that John Locke has posed through his political theories, his philosophies have continued to live until the present time, especially in American politics. The criminal justice system and world politics in general have exhibited strong influential heritage from Locke’s philosophies; in particular pertaining to the way the government must handle its affairs, so as to please the civil society who placed them in power. The Democratic form of government and criminal system, wherein the civil society is always left with a choice to whom must be put into power is an example of a social contract. And in turn, the overthrow or government leaders who did not much perform for the benefit of the people is an illustration of Locke’s theory. Reference Locke, John. (2003) Two Treatises of Government and A Letter Concerning Toleration. Yale University Press. The Social Contract. Retrieved October 25, 2007 from http://www.sagepub.com/upm-data/2769_Swri01.pdf   

Foreign Currency Management Pdf

Foreign Currency Management Exchange Rate This is the rate at which the currency of one country would change hands with currency of another country. E. g. $1 = SLR 130 Types of Exchange Rate 1. Floating Rate This rate depends on a levels of the international trade of a country and it does not interfere with the government of that country. 2. Fixed Rate This is the rate that the government of the country would set its own currency rate and it is not depending on the market rate. 3. Dirty Float This is the rate that mixed between floating rate and fixed rate system.This is where the government would allow exchange rate to float between a particular two limits. If it goes outside either of the limit, then the government would take further action. Forex Dealings 1. Bid Price The price at which the currency is bought by the dealer. 2. Offer Price The price at which the currency is sold by the dealer. When regarding the forex dealings, Offer Price > Bid Price Example 01: David is a UK busi nessman. He needs $ 400,000 to buy US equipment. Identify the amount of ? equired to buy the Dollars? ($/? 1. 75 – 1. 77) Answer: The amount of ? required = $ 400,000 $/? 1. 75 = ? 228571. 43 Example 02: James is a US businessman. He has just received a payment of ? 150,000 from his main customer in UK. Identify the amount of $ received by James when ? 150,000 are given? (? /$ 0. 61 – 0. 63) Answer: The amount of $ received = ? 150,000 ? /$ 0. 63 = $ 238095. 24 Spot Rate and Forward Rate Spot Rate This is the rate which is applicable for the immediate delivery of currency as at now.Forward Rate This is a rate that set for the future transaction for a fixed amount of currency. The transaction would take place on the future date at this agreed rate by disregarding the market rate. Discounts & Premiums Discounts If the forward rate which is quoted cheaper, then it is set to be quoted at a discount. E. g. $/? current spot is 1. 8500-1. 8800 and the one month forward rate a t 0. 0008-0. 0012 at a discount. When quoted at a discount, Answer: 1. 8500-1. 8800 their should be more Dollars + 0. 0008-0. 0012 being received at a given Pound. = 1. 508-1. 8812 So the discount factor have to be added to the spot rate. Premiums If the forward rate which is quoted more expensively, then it is set to be quoted at a premium. E. g. $/? current spot is 1. 9000-1. 9300 and the one month forward rate at 0. 0010-0. 0007 at a premium. When quoted at a premium, Answer: their should be less Dollars being 1. 9000-1. 9300 received at a given Pound because – 0. 0010-0. 0007 of the expensiveness of Dollars. So = 1. 8990-1. 9293 the premium factor have to be deducted from the spot rate. Foreign Exchange Rate Risks . Transaction Risk This is the risk that adverse exchange rate movement occurring in the cause of normal international trading transaction. This arises when the prices of imports or exports are fixed in foreign currency terms and there is a movement in the excha nge rate between the date when the price is agreed and when the cash is paid or received. 2. Translation Risk This is the risk that the organization will made exchange losses when the accounting results of its foreign branches or subsidiaries translated into the local currency. . Economic Risk This is the risk that suppose to a effect of exchange rate movements on the international competitiveness of the company. 4. Direct & Indirect Currency Quotes Direct Quote: This means the exchange rate is mentioned in terms of the amount of domestic currency which needs to be given in returns for one unit of foreign currency. E. g. SLR 130 for $1 Indirect Quote: This means the amount of foreign currency units that needs to be given to obtain one unit of domestic currency. E. g. $ 1/130 for SLR 1 Example 01ABC Ltd is a US company, buying goods from Sri Lanka which cost SLR 200,000. These goods are resold in the US for $2000 at the time of the import purchased. The current spot rate is $1 = SLR 126-130. Calculate the expected profit of the resale in terms of US Dollars using both direct & indirect quote methods. Answer: 1. ) Under Direct Quote Method $/SLR = 1/126 – 1/130 = 0. 00794 – 0. 00769 Sales = $2000 (-)Purchase Cost=SLR200,000*$/SLR0. 00794 =($1588) Expected Profit = $412 2. ) Under Indirect Quote Method Sales (-)Purchase Cost=SLR200,000/SLR126/$ Expected Profit = $2000 =($1587) = $413Managing the Exchange Rate Risk 1. Invoicing in domestic currency Since the exporter does not have to do any currency transaction in this method, the risk of currency conversion is transferred to the importer or vice versa. 2. Money Market Hedging Because of the close relationship between forward exchange rate and the interest rate in two currencies, it is possible to calculate a forward rate by using the spot exchange rate and money market lending or borrowing which is called as a money market hedge. Feature article about  Production Management3.Entering into Forward Exchange Rate Contracts A person can enter into an agreement with a bank to purchase the foreign currency on the fixed date at a fixed rate. 4. Matching receipts & payments Under this method a company can set off its payments against its receipts in that particular currency. 5. Options These are similar to forward trade agreements, but the consumer can choose between the bank’s rate and the market rate. Example 01 A Sri Lankan company has to settle $800,000 after three months time. The current spot rate is $1 = SLR 126-130.The foreign currency depositing interest rate is 12%per annum and the borrowing rate in Sri Lanka is 8% per annum. The agreed exchange rate with the bank is $1 = SLR128. The company has identified to overcome the exchange rate under Money Market Hedging & Forward Exchange Rate Contract methods. Identify the cheapest method to overcome the exchange rate risk. Answer: 1. ) Using Money Market Hedging Method FV = PV* (1+r)n PV = $800,000* (1+ 0. 03)-1 PV = $776,699 r = 0. 12*3/12 r = 0. 03 n=1 Purchase Cost(SLR) = $776,699*SLR130/$1 = SLR 100,970,870 Interest Cost(SLR) = SLR 100,970,870*0. 8*3/12 = SLR 2,019,417 Total Cost(SLR) = SLR(100,970,870+2,019,417) = SLR 102,990,287 2. ) Using Forward Exchange Rate Contract Method Total Cost (SLR) = $ 800,000*SLR128/$1 = $102,400,000 The best method is forward Exchange Rate Contract Method, because it gives the lowest total cost when compare to Money Market Hedging Method. Reasons for Short Term Changes of Exchange Rate 1. Investment Flows If a country does more investment to outside countries, then there would be a higher demand for foreign currency. Therefore the domestic will depreciated or vice versa. 2.Trade Flows In a given time if a country has more imports and less exports, the domestic currency will depreciated, because of the higher demand for the foreign currency or vice versa. 3. Economic Prospectus If a country has g ood economic policies and is showing shines of economic growth, it could receive more investment and therefore the domestic currency would appreciated. Reasons for Long Term Changes of Exchange Rate 1. Purchasing Power Parity Theory This theory describes how the differences in inflation rate among two countries would lead to changes in the exchange rates.Future Rate(A/B)=Spot Rate(A/B) * (1+ Inflation Rate of A) (1 +Inflation Rate of B) 2. Interest Rate Parity Theory This theory links the future currency rates with differences in interest rate among two countries. Future Rate(A/B)=Spot Rate(A/B) * (1+ Interest Rate of A) (1 +Interest Rate of B) 3. Monetarist Theory This theory identifies the relationship between exchange rate and the government money supply to an economy of one country. E. g. When the government released more money to their economy, individual would have more money.So they would purchased more, the demand will increased & through that result in higher prices & high inflation. This would lead to a high level of depreciation to the currency. 4. Keynesian Approach This theory says that an exchange rate may not change in a balance and sometimes currency may continuously appreciate or depreciate without reverse. E. g. There is a high taste & demand for imported product in one country while their exports are losing its export position in other countries. Therefore, without any appreciation of currency will continuously depreciate over a long time period in that country.

Language Learning Reflection toward Future Teaching Essay

Language Learning Reflection toward Future Teaching - Essay Example As the report declares one of the major difficulties of learning Spanish with an English background relates to the structure of sentences. When learning Spanish, it is prudent to aware of the fact that grammatical relations and sentence structure in English is largely based on the word order. The construction of sentences in English fixed as opposed to the flexible Spanish language that relies on morphological changes in a sentence. When learning phrases, we were required to use a simple dialogue to complete a speech. In order to structure the phrase correctly and write in Spanish, the author of the report had to make comparisons between the phrases in Japanese and Korean. This paper stresses that When learning grammar, the author noted major differences between the usage of articles in Spanish and English. Articles in Spanish are positioned at some points in the sentence that would otherwise not have an article in English. When Nora was teaching articles, I noted that there are at least eight articles in the Spanish language as opposed to three choices in the English language. The author of the report had already learned the gender of words in French, the reporter still found it hard. The author noted major differences between the usage of articles in Spanish compared to how they are used in Korean and Japanese. The major problems stems from the fact that Spanish has a lot of exceptions during the application of grammar rules, hence it is not possible to universally apply the rules learned.

Assignment2 hlth3220 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Assignment2 hlth3220 - Assignment Example However, this kind of analysis could also be used in one’s personal perspective as an self-assessment tool to determine personal strengths and competencies; any perceived weaknesses; as well as externa factors that offer opportunties or pose threats to the accomplishment of personal and professional goals. In this regard, the current discourse hereby aims to present the results of one’s SWOT analysis and to take three or four interesting points about the activity and to compare and contrast the findings/results of one’s analysis, as required. ... e or gregarious; Manifests tendencies to be an average achiever; despite knowing that one could still surpass the current level of accomplishments; Very family oriented. Opportunities: Sees one to excel in various endeavors after completion of the academic program being pursued; Establishment of good circle of friends could be potential sources of future employment opportunities; Proficiency in communication could be used as potential sources of livelihood; either in customer service or in professional writing endeavors; Future growth rates in the field of endeavor being pursued poses greater opportunities to land in diverse jobs of interest and which offers appropriate compensation and benefits. Threats: Any changes or fluctuations in economic condition of the country could significantly impact employment opportunities; The increasing number of graduates (new or old) who graduated and pursued similar profession and field of endeavor could restrict opportunities to gain future employ ment; Contemporary organizations’ thrusts for globalization pose both opportunities and threats in terms of expanding sources of talents from international shores; and at the same time, poses chances to go abroad. However, if the international market is pursued, there are still threats in terms of the need to address competencies in cultural diversity; Interesting Points An interesting point of undertaking the SWOT analysis was the opportunity it accorded to closely evaluate one’s strengths and weaknesses. It provided the chance to appreciate and recognize that there have been some competencies, knowledge, skills and talents that were not appropriately realized, until now. For instance, the strength that one possesses in terms of time management assists in maintaining a balance between

Video case Wild Planet Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Video Wild Planet - Case Study Example Social factors are also an important influence over consumer behavior. An example of the use that Wild planet took of this factor is its room remodeling and design range targeted at girls. The range is based on the concept that girls lose interest in toys faster, and begin to spend more time in their room. In addition, they show a strong desire to impress those of their age group. The company was able to take advantage of this to produce a line that appealed to girls of this age group. Personal factors include a number of factors related to the situation of the individual. In the case of Wild Planet, they need to take into account both the personal factors related to the parent and the child. Parents generally look for toys that will do more for a child than give them something to play with and Wild Planet works with this by producing toys that stimulate the imagination and brain function such as logic in children. The final factor that influences consumer behavior is physiological. This includes motivation, learning, beliefs and attitude. Wild Planet takes particular advantage of this, encouraging the idea that their products are more than simply toys, they offer children numerous benefits in terms of mental growth , as well as being highly desirable to children. 2. Wild Planet operates in a different manner than most other companies. Rather than trying to predict what consumers are likely to desire, Wild Planet involves its consumers in the creative process. Specifically, they develop toys that are aimed to be appealing to children, while at the same time providing children with mental and physical stimulation. One way that Wild Planet works to advertise and encourage sale of its products is the realization that it is both the children and the parents that make the decision for what toys they buy. As a consequence, Wild Planet targets their advertising at both groups. The toys that Wild Planet creates are

Business HR Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business HR Research Paper - Essay Example The major findings of the research showed that the system of compensation of an organization determines the motivation of the employees towards their work and the skill of the employees of the organization. This illustrates that the productivity of an organization partly depends the compensation structure in the organization. The paper also has provisions on how to improve productivity of the human resource departments of organizations and the general organization in the form strategies concerning compensation structures revisions. Key words: skills, motivation, rewards Contents 1 Introduction 4 2 Competitive compensation system 4 2.1 Objectives of competitive compensation structures 5 3 Effect of different compensation structures 5 3.1 Motivation 6 3.2 Strategies to incorporate in motivating employees 6 3.3 Skill set of the employees 7 3.4 Strategies for the increasing and retaining the numbers of skilled employees 7 4 Challenges of the compensation systems 8 5 Conclusion 9 1 Introd uction In the business world, compensation refers to all rewards that employees can earn in relation to the labor they provide. A good compensation system is an important aspect of a successful human resource management program, which is vital for the success of a management enterprise as a whole. The compensation may be in the form of direct financial compensation that is provided after regular intervals like wages and bonuses, indirect financial compensation that consists of financial rewards that are not part of the direct compensation, and non-financial compensation that deals with the work environment. However, the compensation should put into consideration the uniqueness of each employee. Compensation systems seek to create a rational method for the determination of the pay of employees in accordance with their performance in their respective jobs (Bhattacharya and Sengupta, 2009). This creates a feeling of equity among the human resource. The compensation in terms of wages is important in the determination of the maintenance of an organization’s human resource that implies the goal of developing a good compensation system attract, motivate, and retain a quality human resource department that will improve the company’s prosperity. 2 Competitive compensation system A competitive compensation system is a product of trying to attain external equity within a market. External equity is a situation where the pay rates for the employees of an organization are at least similar to the average pay rates in the market (Walker, 2004). If the compensation system of the organization is quite similar to the average compensation system in the market, the goals of developing compensation systems in terms of attracting, motivating and retaining employees are not achieved as they might seek the employ of similar organizations. This prompts employers to take steps enabling compensation of employees using rates that are necessary for the finding, keeping and mo tivation of an adequate qualified employee number. This creates a market compensation structure that is competitive with the employers seeking to provide the most attractive policies and rates (Walker, 2004). 2.1 Objectives of competitive compensation structures The competitive compensation structures of most organizations therefore have four basic objectives; To regularly measure

The Political Economy of Japan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Political Economy of Japan - Essay Example His paper highlighted the remarkable transformation of Japanese business practices. Japanese corporations have adapted the "Choose and Focus" strategy which "enabled Japan's leading corporations, previously diversified to an exceptionally high degree, to become leaner, more nimble, and more competitive at home and in the global economy" (Schaede 2008). They did this by shedding non-core businesses and by repositioning for leadership in targeted technologies. This strategy was said to be completely opposite to Japan's previous industrial architecture but it has surprisingly created fresh market opportunities both for start-up enterprise and for foreign investors (Schaede 2008). It has challenged existing companies out of mediocrity and complacency, through series of mergers, acquisition and hostile take-overs (Schaede 2008). More importantly, this transformation was observed to have been rooted in the component and material industries rather than in consumer products (Schaede 2008). G enerally, the more lean Japanese business has proven to be an effective and competitive strategy and this is the fundamental transformation that the author is talking about. Another social scientist, T.J Pempel mentioned about fundamental transformation in the Japanese economy. It is our goal in this paper to examine if what T.J Pempel refers as a fundamental transformation is the same as that of Schaede's. Pempel mentioned at least three changes in Japan, things with regard to its political system, to its economy and to its international relations. In the political arena, the noticeable internal fragmentation of the Liberal Democratic Party, its loss of a parliamentary majority and executive control, and the introduction of a new electoral system for the Lower House of the Diet has spelled the end of the party (Pempel, 1998). Second of these changes is the economic slowdown of the once forward-heading economy. These economic turnaround from an unrelenting success was brought by the collapse of both the stock and land prices, five years of almost zero growth, international downgrading of the Japanese bonds and the collapse of numerous financial institutions among others (Pempel 1998). He also mentioned the changes in international relation, with particular focus on an apparent sibling rivalry with the United States primarily triggered by the economic competition. This competition was sh own in series of trade and market disputes. Since the paper of T.J Pempel was written a decade before that of Schaede, we can say that they are talking about different scenarios and different type of transformation. But, it is analytically obvious that the Japanese transformation mentioned by Ulrike Schaede had its origin in the political, economic and international relations changes by Pempel. Therefore, they are not mutually incompatible arguments but are complimentary. In fact, the 2008 paper of Schaede is a support to the premises of Pempel, revealing that Japan was able to move forward from the transformation that it experienced a decade ago. The fundamental business transformation of Japan was a

Analysis of a Health Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Analysis of a Health Care - Essay Example Much has been said about the reform, which should take place at Medicare, and to view the necessity in these reforms, it is important to define, how the system works and how effectively it uses its resources. Medicare healthcare delivery system is influenced by a number of factors, among which are: the level of payment, medical education support, regulations relating to probable conflicts, the decrease in funding, etc. These issues are crucial in the activity of any healthcare delivery system, but attention should also be paid to the way these services are delivered to the elderly patients, as well as the ways of positive changes in quality and cost-effectiveness in healthcare delivery. It is important to notice, that hardly any company, even the most successful, uses its resources to the fullest, and thus there is always a possibility for improvement in any area of health care delivery system. One of the primary purposes of Medicare at the time it was created was 'to provide coverage for hospital care'. (Marmor 2000, p. 25) 'This coverage was expected to be equivalent to the types of coverage available to the working population, however, typically required acute care services for accidents and injuries. Having all the necessary resources at its disposal, Medicare tried to duplicate the health care coverage received by employees for coverage to elderly and disabled persons, but slowly came to the recognition that hospitals should not be the centerpiece of health care'. (Marmor 2000, p. 23) Thus, the main contribution and role of Medicare in the state healthcare delivery system was in making its main stress on chronic diseases, moving away from the hospitals being the center of any healthcare delivery system. Another contribution of the system was in less attention to how to decrease the number of inpatient days, and more on how to provide the highest quality care in the optimal time. One of the drawbacks in the Medicare activity lies in its wrong management of primary care. First of all, it lacks financing for geriatric care. The model of primary care, which is used by Medicare, can be called disease-based system. The main principles of using and creating this system lie in regular brief visiting of elderly people, each visit relating to a separate disease; the follow-up is minimal and the use of auxiliary specialists and services is frequent, which are often not necessary, but demand additional financing. On the other hand, if Medicare used its resources to the fullest, and made this effectively, there could be created other health delivery system, which, to my mind, would be much more effective. There should be created a team of several specialists for several medical disciplines, who would develop a complex primary care plan and would also perform a qualified evaluation of the health status of each patient, together with implementing the created plan. Taking into account that here we speak about elder people, it is better if the above mentioned plan includes possible so-called 'end-of-life' wishes of old patients. The new progressive system could also include more frequent visiting, with monitoring of the patient's health via telephone calls and home visits. Among the possible options of the

Role of Religion and REN in Wells and Byrn Essay

Role of Religion and REN in Wells and Byrn - Essay Example This essay declares that H.G. Wells in his work titled The Discovery of the Future and E.W. Byrn named The Progress of Invention during the Past Fifty Years discuss how future might pan out influenced by various factors. Wells examine the ways past and present determines future, with various psychological and philosophical aspects playing inducing roles. On the other hand, Byrn focus on various scientific and technological inventions and discoveries of the past and the ways those things are orienting contemporary times and might sway future as well. Although both writers take a distinct approach in formulating their vision of progress, they both deal with how religion and REN play an optimal influencing role, and in other cases, how they take a ‘backseat’ and allow humans to play their roles in future and their vision of progress.This discussion stresses that  humans play prominent roles, there are occasions when religion subtly and even explicitly plays a role in peop le’s living and thereby influences their future and progress. That is, religion in the form of god or superior power is shown to influence individuals or society and in a way their future.  Although humans has invented and discovered many life sustaining and useful things, there is a view that superior powers and religion mainly played the facilitating role in that process.  Wells point out that future is something that is ambiguous, complex, and difficult to grasp.

Interactive marketing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Interactive marketing - Case Study Example Consequently the rapidly growing division in the insurance business is the incorporation of wide-ranging business processes, for instance underwriting policies, executing policy controller services, and reporting argues into workflow structures. Sensitive industry antagonism, augmented customer hopes and requirements for larger effectiveness are chief drivers shoving the insurance business to reassess its tactics and to adjust its long-established in use processes. Insurance organisations, such as ABC Insurance, should gather the advantages of modernised Web-based flow mechanisation, lessening expenses of operations and cutting decision making time. By employing online automation, ABC can divest the vastness of this practice and enhance profits by giving end users direct access to their records online instantaneously and letting them to deal their own service requests, ask for an excerpt and even join and download a policy (Liang, 2000). Sharing and swap of confidential information between numerous public and corporations need by insurance industries. The test is how to achieve this harmlessly and cost effectively while promising customer trustworthiness and keeping high levels of customer satisfaction. Likewise it is essential to certify that only authorised staff can access restricted consumer statistics or supervise claim records in line with the Privacy laws. ABC insurance should bring variations to the marketplaces that permit representatives and customers to directly conduct the dealing of insurance. This process can be considered a great innovation by handing over not only information access but also operational transactions to the end user. The revolution will have the following impact on the insurance industry (Cockburn, 2001): Upgrading level of service to clients, Noteworthy cost reduction Versatile flexible, groups and products presented, Updated procedural effectiveness Better control of technology. 2. Outline of the analysis with reasons of the selections The link between Knowledge Management and Marketing Strategy (Smith, 2004) is the key to Web-based Insurance Structure of ABC Insurance and will enable this organisation to find gap between knowledge and marketing strategy (Refer figure 1). Figure 1: 2.1 Modernised form of Insurance The function of Internet and associated information technologies is to create and allocate insurance functionalities. In an

The Specialist Creed Essay Example for Free

The Specialist Creed Essay No one gets away with more than I. I am a non Non-Commissioned Officer, a beast of burden. As a junior enlisted soldier I realize that I am a member of an under appreciated, much chastised group of soldiers which is known as the ribcage, or perhaps pancreas, of the Army. I am proud of myself and my fellow Specialists and will continue to bitch, whine and sham until the absolute last second regardless of the mission at hand. I will use my grade and position to avoid responsibility, accountability and any sense of presence of mind. Ignorance is my watchword. My two best excuses will always be on the tip of my tongue I didnt know, and It wasnt me. I will strive to remain invisible and unavailable for details. Never ever volunteer for anything is my rallying cry. I am aware of my role as a SPC and if you need me for anything, Ill be on appointment. I know the other soldiers, and I will always refer to them by their first name or in some cases derogatory nickname. On weekends, or days off I will consistently drink myself into oblivion, and I will never answer my phone. I understand that for a person in my hierarchal position, rewards are going to be few and far between, and punishment will always be swift and severe. Officers of my unit will have maximum time to accomplish their duties, because I will be accomplishing them for them. I will kiss up to their face and badmouth them behind their back, just like everyone else. I will be loyal to those with home I serve, provided theres something in it for me. I am the last bastion of common sense that stands between me and the Army philosophy of Work Harder, Not Smarter. My voice is a tool and my complaints are a weapon that I wield with unmatched skill and finesse. I will not forget, nor will I allow my comrades to forget, Specialist is the greatest rank in the Army and rank has its privileges.

A Culturally Competent Psychologist Social Work Essay

A Culturally Competent Psychologist Social Work Essay Culture as a construct is difficult to define. Definitions of culture often refer to a set of contexts, specifically man-made elements of the environment (e.g., institutions, values, and traditions), that form a part of the collective experience among members of a society or group and that are also trans-generational as a consequence of social learning (Betancourt Lopez 1993). Some psychologists consider ethnoculturalism as the fourth force in psychotherapy (Betancourt Lopez 1993, p.629). Implicit in this is the notion that culture is a factor in influencing behaviour. To be a culturally competent psychologist, therefore, it is important to plan and implement psychological practice and research that respects group identities, local communities, indigenous values, and national and cultural differences. Cultural competence is not about being politically correct. Cultural competence has real world consequences for individuals that, in relation to psychology, are typically vulnerable or in need. The national enquiry into the stolen generations, where Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children were removed from their families (Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission 1997), for example, inferred that health workers participated in the calculated effort to assimilate out of existence indigenous individuals and cultures, an example of genocide. This apparent lack of cultural competence by health workers, psychologists among them, has contributed negatively to indigenous individuals psychological and physical health through mourning the loss of culture (Eisenbruch 1991), stress associated with interacting with a foreign culture (Westerman 2004), and trans-generational abuse (Atkinson 2002). Cross-cultural psychology endeavours to explicitly acknowledge the need for cross cultural awareness and competence in the discipline of psychology. Cross-cultural psychology is the systematic study of relationships between the cultural context of human development and the behaviors that become established in the repertoire of individuals growing up in a particular culture (Berry, Poortinga Pandey 1997, p.x). The goals for cross-cultural psychology include investigating the generalizability of existing theory and research results, investigating other cultures in order to identify unique cultural experiences in behaviour, and the integration of this research to establish a more universal discipline of psychology (Berry, Poortinga, Segall Dasen 2002). An investigation into behaviour as it occurs in another culture reduces ethnocentrism (Betancourt Lopez 1993) and enhances the discipline of psychology. Cross cultural research findings have observed that cultural explanations of mental illness held by psychologists are strongly correlated with shaping their response to individuals with affective problems and the subsequent course of those problems (Jenkins 1988). Also, in relation to affective problems, an individuals immediate social environment appears crucial to its sequence and prognosis (Harding, Zubin Strauss 1992). Finally, findings also suggest that members of minority groups defined by race and ethnicity are vulnerable to patterns of misdiagnosis due to a bias by clinicians to over-pathologize their problems (Good 1992). In the United States, for example, psychologists, regardless of race, have been found to diagnose more severely, and attribute more violence, dishonesty, and dangerousness to, patients that are black (Loring Powell 1988). Policy clearly has a role to play. The American Psychological Association (APA), often the policy guide for the Australian Psychological Society (APS), has made the inclusion of course components that pertain to multicultural issues, encouraging cultural competence, compulsory across training (American Psychological Association 2011) although in reality they are not compulsory as core or primary courses (Hills Strozier 1992). Also, cultural competency is not mandatorily assessed in relation to gaining registration in the United States (Sue 1998) and what assessment occurs during training differs from that done in relation to other training areas (Altmaier 1993). In addition to training, the APA Office of Ethnic Minority Affairs (1993) has published guidelines to assist with the provision of culturally aware psychological services for the practising psychologist. Training and practice constitute the areas upon which cultural competence policies are defined, as they are for Australian psychologists. To be registered as a psychologist in Australia one must complete an Australian Psychology Accreditation Council (APAC) accredited and Psychology Board of Australia approved course (Australian Psychology Accreditation Council 2011). APAC is the accreditation authority responsible for accrediting education providers and programs of study for the psychology profession (APAC 2011) whilst the Psychology Board of Australia functions as a subsidiary of the federal governments Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA) (Psychology Board of Australia 2011). Finally, the APS, like the APA in the United States, is a voluntary organization that endeavours to represent psychology and psychologists in Australia. Despite this, the Psychology Board of Australia has adopted the APS Code of Ethics (2007) for the profession (Psychology Board of Australia 2011). Ethnoculturalism is recognized as important to the discipline of psychology and, as such, APAC (2010) has nested cultural competency within training for the discipline. Courses must encourage knowledge and understanding of: intercultural diversity and indigenous psychology; how the science and practice of psychology is influenced by social, historical, professional, and cultural contexts; the cultural bases of behaviour and organisational systems; issues for minority or marginalised groups; limitations of psychological tests with particular reference to cultural issues; and interpersonal skills in communicating effectively with clients, other psychologists, other professionals, the community, individuals, small groups, and agencies from varied cultural, ethnic, religious, social, and political backgrounds (APAC 2010). Training eventually gives way to practice. The APS Code of Ethics (2007) references ethnoculturalism in a more general way through three general ethical principles. The APS Code of Ethics (2007) is based on the respect for the rights and dignity of people and peoples; propriety; and integrity. In the first general principle, respect for the rights and dignity of people and peoples, (APS Code of Ethics 2007) psychologists are encouraged to have positive regard for diversity and uniqueness of individuals and their right to linguistically and culturally appropriate services. Acknowledging the particular needs of indigenous Australians, the APS has also published guidelines for the provision of psychological services for, and the conduct of psychological research with, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander individuals (APS 2003b). Whilst there are no other specific ethnocultural guidelines, there are guidelines for other groups such as women (APS 2003a), and groups defined by sexual orientation (APS 2000). The Code of Ethics frames practice. Essentially there are three types of psychologists; clinical psychologists, applied psychologists, and research psychologists (Nairne 2009). Clinical psychologists diagnose and treat psychological problems; applied psychologists extend psychological principles to practical, non-clinical, problems; and research psychologists conduct research to elucidate essential principles of behaviour and cognizance (Nairne 2009). Whilst registered psychologists can arguably do little in regards to their initial training content, ongoing professional development and supervision are two areas where cultural competency can actively be developed and maintained. In addition to this, if involved in research, a culturally competent approach could be nested within it. So, it is in the areas of professional development, supervision, and research where the cultural competence of the practicing psychologist may be developed and honed. Continuing professional development (CPD) is a requirement for annual renewal of psychology registration (Psychology Board of Australia 2011). Identifying professional development to enhance cultural competence initially requires an assessment by the psychologist of their needs in relation to culturally competent awareness, knowledge, and skills (Pedersen 2011). Once an assessment is made, the psychologist can actively address deficits. CPD can then be identified that further develops an awareness that culturally learned assumptions exist and interact with those of a patient; develops meaningful information and insight into the patients unique cultural context; and finally develops a skill set that can facilitate patient change (Pedersen 2011). Early career psychologists may find the identification of necessary CPD daunting. Supervision, then, may assist in accurately identifying CPD needs in relation to cultural competency. Supervision is mandatory for psychologists (Psychology Board of Australia 2011) and can play an integral role in regards to cultural competency skill acquisition and expertise (Sue Sue 2008). Supervision may be defined as a process whereby a more experienced clinician mentors or imparts specialist knowledge to a clinician, or group of clinicians, less experienced (Bernard Goodyear 2004). Formative and summative assessment of cultural competency can assess the degree of supervisee cultural competency and guide further cultural competency training (Hays 2008). A supervisor, therefore, needs to encourage the development of cultural awareness, the reduction of bias, and developing strategic interventions in relation to future patients (Sue Sue 2008). Psychologists need to integrate cultural competence into their professional undertakings in recognition of the increasing diversity of their social context (Sue Sue 2008). For applied and clinical psychologists, interactions with patients are central to their provision of service. In relation to this patient / psychologist interaction, Pedersens (2011) Triad Training Model underscores the need for cultural competency and, by extension, its development through supervision and CPD. Pedersen (2011) suggests that when two individuals communicate there are actually three conversations occurring simultaneously. There is the uttered exchange; the psychologists own internal dialogue; and finally the internal dialogue of the patient (Pederson 2011). Cultural competency is imperative, according to Pederson (2011), as the greater the cultural difference between the psychologist and patient, the less likely the psychologist will accurately hear the internal dialogue, positive and negative messages, of the culturally different patient. Research too, then, needs to become more sophisticated, expanding the utility and generalizability of any findings. Psychological research, in regards cultural competency, is lacking in three areas: diversity amongst researchers; appropriate ethnocultural studies; and culturally appropriate assessment instruments (Gil Bob 1999). Firstly, the lack of diversity may be addressed by actively recruiting students from diverse backgrounds as co-researchers (Casas Thompson 1991) as well as striving for a culturally diverse research team matched to that cultural group being investigated (Atkinson, 1993). Secondly, cultural groups identified for research should be engaged in the development of research questions and that subsequent research should be monitored by members of these groups for community relevance and general quality (Casas Thompson 1991). Finally, assessment selection should consider cultural orientation, particularly as instruments are often Eurocentric (Dana 1996), and that any translations be accurately assessed in regards to their meaning (Brislin 1993). CPD, supervision, and research are three areas that the psychologist can actively develop cultural competence. The development of cultural competency is not a finite exercise but, rather, a lifelong process of learning. Being a culturally competent psychologist encourages research that is both sophisticated and more generalizable, and relationships between psychologist and patient that are more explicitly anchored in a cultural context, enhancing therapeutic outcomes in a wider range of therapeutic settings. To be a culturally competent psychologist, therefore, it is important to plan and implement psychological practice and research that respects group identities, local communities, indigenous values, and national and cultural differences.

Classical View On Corporate Social Responsibilities Business Essay

Classical View On Corporate Social Responsibilities Business Essay The perceptivity of sustainability is both in the sense of achieving long-term success and as survivability of a corporation (Zink, Steimle Fischer 2008,). Dunphy, Griffiths and Benn (2003) conceive corporations as channels of social purpose, constructed within society to attain useful social objectives. Henceforth, corporate social responsibility commits a significant role towards the sustainability of corporations. Both corporate social responsibilities and sustainability, and its related concepts influence all aspects of business. Chandler and Werther (2010) acknowledge the understanding of corporate social responsibilities as an aim to define the future of our society. However, the apprehension of corporate social responsibility determines the corporate governances. As the question arises, does practicing stakeholder management aid corporations to be more sustainable? In this essay, classical and contemporary view of corporate social responsibilities will be put into discussion before coming to a conclusion. In addition, theoretical frameworks and real world corporate cases will be reason about in the respective governances. Classical View on Corporate Social Responsibilities The only social responsibility of business is to maximise profits Friedmans frequent saying. In reference to Friedmans classical view, the purposes for business to exist are for distributing products and services to society, and thereafter, for creating economic value which subsequently generate profits for shareholders. Keinert (2008) trusts that the mangers are in control to maximise these revenue for shareholders, obligate by the employment contract as an agents for the shareholders of the firm, the principals. It is also emphasised by Zu (2008) that for classical management corporation has no interest in looking beyond profit maximization, with the exception of profit benefit activity. In another words, the primary goal of business is profit, while corporate social responsibilities and ethical custom deem secondary. Nestle, Walmart, FordMotor, and Microsoft, sadly, are one of those big companies who practice this. Walmart Walmart, one of the biggest and well-known companies worldwide, has a record of relentless violated the right of its US workers and exploited the weak US labour laws thwarts union formation, child slave labour and even broken the environmental laws. Funds were invested to prevent employees from protesting their right due to the reduction of insignificant take-home pay and working overtime for zero pay. Employees and managers were brainwashed to oppose union from the moment they were employed. Surveillance, rapid response team and undercover spy were funded to monitor any union formation. [Appendix 1] Suppliers of Walmart were pushed to neck up on their wholesale prices. Child slave labour was happening in its manufacturing facilities abroad. [Appendix 2] The environment friendly campaigns involved were all a fraud. [Appendix 3] In 2008, Walwart admitted as much but provided limited responses however continued its public relation effort. Agency Theory With the underlying of agency theory, principal-agent framework is popularly used in many corporations including Walmart. The principal usually offers incentives to the agent to stimulate them to act upon principals best interest. The practice of agency theory is constructive as many big companies have successfully climbed up the rank worldwide. The problem with principal-agent framework is that agent sometimes practice discretion to maximize their own advantage rather than of the principal. However, usually, agency cost motivates the agent upon acting on behalf for the principal such as monitoring costs, bonding cost and residual loss. With Walmarts bonding contracts, most employees were in dilemma. In Friedman argument, he claims that owners may establish objectives apart from profit maximization; one example would be taking away money from its stockholders, employees or even customers. (Crane et al 2008) Despite over three hundreds billion in revenue and over ten billion in profits in 2007, Walmart with the conception to provide the best for consumers, dismissed the ethical customs towards its employees and stockholders. On top of that, in order to build its reputation, environmental concerns claimed were put aside. Though, Walmart is now sustainable and has picked up itself since then, consumers are still very concern and protesting against Walmarts corporate social responsibility. Contemporary View on Corporate Social Responsibilities The success of the corporation in corporate social responsibilities demonstrates how well it has been able to influence stakeholder concerns while executing its business model. Carroll relates corporate social responsibility into a four level pyramid economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic responsibility, where his viewpoint is a hybrid between the classical and stakeholder view on corporate social responsibilities. (Chandler Werther 2010) Abreast the economic basis of activity, corporations are enacting similarly in Friedmans theory. Moving up the pyramid, the legal responsibility is its duty to respond within the legal framework. Stakeholders would further anticipate corporations into fulfilling its ethical responsibilities. Lastly, under the philanthropic responsibility, corporations have become more proactive and enforcing strategic means that can benefit both the corporation and stakeholders. (Keinert 2008) However, with the ever outdated laws, will legal responsibility be accounted for when this happens? Or with ethical debates not written in black and white legible? Are strategic means that benefit stakeholders are done with obligation? And with knowing ethic and doing ethic does not comes together. Questions like these arise; there is no one who can answer it. Corporations, like Hitachi, who practises under Carrolls pyramid, might sometimes, deem to have hidden agenda behind the good intention. Hitachi The corporation was awarded by the non-profit Social Innovation Japan and supported by the Ministry of the Environment, also honoured with a Social Business Award. Concurrently, while in developing a tractor that could neutralises landmines and cultivates land, Cambodia was affected by the post-war. This further benefits the product. The machines were placed in affected population by mine camps to curtail critical injuries and deaths, while prepares land for their own sustainable futures. [Appendix 8] Despite being awarded, Hitachi was found below social responsibility examination standard. [Appendix 9] Stakeholder View on Corporate Social Responsibilities An effective stakeholder management present a clear synopsis of societal expectations and a concrete foundation for a distinct and legitimate corporate social responsibility approach (Louche Baeten 2006). Freeman relates stakeholders with business and stakeholders with ethics as they come together as the same thing. He emphasises on the fundamental human connection with the stakeholders, and it is a duty to take the effects of the business on stakeholders into consideration. (Stakeholders Are People 2009) Corporations are usually described as interconnected interest group, also known as ecosystem concept. UPS, Starbucks, Disney and Marks Spencer are the few sincere corporations that have strong believe and practice in corporate social responsibilities. United Parcel Service (UPS) According to CNN Money, UPS has been on Fortunes Most Admired list of top ten socially responsible firms for three consecutive years. (Gunther 2006) Beside heavily involve in global economy, with great corporate social responsibilities, UPS has been awarded with plenty of commitments towards its people and the environment as well. [Appendix 4] Many employees settle in UPS for more than 30 years regardless of their position as a driver or in the office. Many of them are immigrants and the poor, and some join after high school or college. Employees are provided with good pay, health-care benefits, tuition assistance, stock purchase plan, a chance to advance and a share sense of purpose. Above all, the most recent, UPS supported numerals organizations towards humanitarian relief and road safety initiatives by awarding grants from The UPS Foundation. [Appendix 5] Beside, in UPS, employees are encouraged to volunteer and make a difference in their communities. [Appendix 6] At the same time, UPS was awarded being the first in its industry with Leadership in Energy and Environmental Designs Gold Status and Energy Star Certification. [Appendix 7] UPS has shown a consistent stakeholder practice towards corporate social responsibilities. Stakeholder Theory With underlying of stakeholder theory, it can accumulate future development of corporate social responsibility by determining and integrating financial and social concerns. In Freemans view, the intention will be better served and satisfied if corporations were to think about stakeholders. Given the interrelationship with its stakeholders, UPS has shown great ability in responding effectively toward the stakeholders. (Freeman et al 2010) With UPS case, we can see that UPS has successfully sustained itself with the management of stakeholders. Utilitarian believes stakeholder management leads to the best consequences as it acknowledges stakeholders interests. However, Banerjee (2007) doubts the capability of stakeholder management due to its one-dimension and emphasising on utilitarian power withal ignoring the mechanisms that form and transform economic and social domains. In Kantianism argument, considering of stakeholder and using of the individuals within the stakeholder are two different things. In another words, to use stakeholders to increase shareholder revenue would be ethically wrong. (Cooper 2004) In Kantianism term, questions arise, such as are the employees volunteering their hours willing or are they obligated to do so? In the debates about corporate social responsibility, Justice Ethic believes ethical responsibilities are not defined by the efforts of the righteousness in economic and legal terms, but in the pursuit of voluntary measurements of individual character. (Rendtorff 2009) In other words, the business virtues of UPS, are they formed to create stakeholder values? Strategic Sustainability While there is increasing agreement that businesses need to embrace sustainability, research in the theories above, stakeholder management has proven to be more sustainable in the global economic landscape. Freeman believes each of the stakeholders has a right not to be accounted for compromising end, and hence stakeholder participation is essential in order to determine the future direction of corporation. As each category group places a major part in each other in term of harms and benefits as well as rights and duties. In return for labour, employees are given job security, wages, medical benefits, and meaningful work. By addressing toward consumers needs and satisfactions, corporate governance immediately satisfies the need of suppliers and shareholders. Usually the ethical of excellent consumer services and products carry over to the community resulting in good reputation. Stakeholder theory above proves to be a useful tool to assist a broad range of corporations to develop their sustainability portfolio and consistently create sustainability value in a long run. Conclusion Corporations exist in a sustainable model that enable people to effectively practice their expertise and create jobs, economic value and wealth for the society and the corporation. With globalisation, corporate governance can have a huge impact on the society. Examples of Walmart and Hitachi showing their irresponsible ways of governance, with agency theory and stewardship theory lead to a bad reputation. Corporations are urging to reposition themselves towards a sustainable value portfolio and making stakeholder theory seems to be the most effective instrument to ensure strategic sustainability. Pursuing the expanding frontier of corporate governance as social responsibility, with the effectiveness of stakeholder management within corporate governance, it may generate a more equitable global business environment.

Affirmative Action Essay -- Affirmative Action Essays

The affirmative action program is important because it gives job opportunities for many people regardless of their race, color, religion, gender, and national origin. The work force should be well represented by the different ethnic backgrounds of our society. Some people look at affirmative action as reverse discrimination, but this program doesn’t guarantee employment based on race, ethnicity, or gender. The affirmative action program gives equal consideration to individuals from a different race, ethnicity, or gender, but not one of these factors may be the only factor used to determine an individual’s qualifications for any job. The biggest dispute of the program is the belief that the policy allows less qualified candidates to progress due to different standards for minorities and non-minorities. People need to realize that affirmative action gives balance in the workplace so that everyone from different ethnic backgrounds would be represented in today’s diverse society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are few social policy issues that gauge the racial and division among the American people than the affirmative action. Affirmative Action is a term referring to the laws and social policies intended to resolve discrimination that limits the opportunities of people regardless of their race, color, religion, gender, and national origin. Supporters and opponents of affirmative action hold strong to their believes and constantly attack the opposing viewpoints. Advocates believe that affirmative action overcomes discrimination, gives qualified minorities a chance to compete on equal footing whites, and provides them with the same opportunities. Opponents claim that affirmative action puts unskilled minorities   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Cannon 2  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   in positions that they are not qualified for, tarnishes the reputation of minorities that accomplishes success on their own, and violates the Fourteenth Amendment. Since the beginning of affirmative action, the definition has been ever changing in order to satisfy the present beliefs of society. Prohibiting the discrimination in hiring, expanding the filing of application to include more minorities, compensating for past grievances, setting â€Å"quotas† (percentages of a certain type of people that had to be included), have all been part of the definition. As much as many people... ...ould give it a try to acquire a higher education or job training.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Everyone knows that college and military recruiters come to high schools to recruit graduating students, but the school faculty really need to go above and beyond their call of duty to educate students about the different types of programs that will enable students to get a higher education or job training after high school. Young Americans need the guidance and assistance to acquire the tools they need to succeed and one of those tools is knowing about affirmative action; not only what affirmative action can do for Americans, but what Americans can do for affirmative action. Works Cited Altschiller, Donald. Affirmative Action. New York: Wilson, 1991. Barbour, Scott, David L Bender, Bruno Leone, Brenda Stalcup, and Mary E. Williams. Discrimination. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1997. Bardes, Barbara A., Steffen W. Schmidt, and Mack C. Shelley. American Government and Politics Today. Belmont: West Wadsworth, 1997. Bender, David L., Bruno Leone, Lori Shein, and Bonnie Szumski. y. Inequality. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1998. Blackman, Ann. â€Å"Affirmative Action.† Time March 1995: 11-13.

The Day Elvis Almost Died :: Personal Narrative, Autobiographical Essay

The Day Elvis Almost Died I was riding in the backseat of my parents' red Cutlass on a warm fall day in 1984. My only entertainment was listening to the sucking sound the back of my thigh made when I lifted it off the sticky vinyl seat. I remember seeing patchwork fields of rainbow-colored leaves resting on the yellow grass, wishing that I could rake them into big piles, so I could run through them, scattering them across the field again. I rolled the dusty window down to get a better look at the pastures as the hard wind rushed in over my face and through my hair. I stuck my head through the window and opened my mouth, so my cheeks would puff out like Dizzy Gillespie's when he played his trumpet. Slowly, my cheeks began to deflate, and the wind softened as my dad braked the car to turn into the driveway of my grandparents' home, the location of our annual May family picnic. My whole family had already arrived when we showed up. All my uncles immediately bombarded the car, playfully snickering with my dad about always being late so he would not have to help them cook. My Papa Joe, with his Afro of white hair, and my Grandma Lee Lee, who limped like a peg-legged pirate because one leg was shorter than the other, were sitting in lounge chairs talking about how much I had grown. My Uncle Kelly, whose left arm was shot off by his ex-wife during an argument, was walking around, complaining about how he was going to starve if he didn't eat soon. My Aunt Rosie, who always wore a tiny pair of rose earrings and kept a wad of chewing tobacco in her mouth, talked with my mom between spits of brown, runny liquid directed into her plastic cup. Including my cousins and a few distant relatives, approximately twenty-five people were there talking, laughing, and mingling. And there I was, all alone in the land of giants with only my cowgirl Barbie to protect me. I felt like a guppy trying to swim upstream with a school of trout. Even though we had only been there for five minutes, finding my dad and leaving were my priorities.

Epicurean Ethics Essay -- Philosophy essays

Epicurean Ethics      Ã‚   In this paper I am going to deal with Epicurean ethics. More specifically, I am going to center around the nature of pleasure and its connection with desire-satisfaction. Throughout the paper I will argue, the only thing we desire for its own sake is pleasure. Thus it is best to keep our desires simple in order to achieve the greatest feeling of pleasure. I will accomplish this by first giving arguments for why the only thing we desire for its own sake is pleasure, as well as arguments for why it is best to keep our desires simple. I will then take a look at a number of objections and give some reasons as to why these objections are unconvincing.    Before I can begin with the argumentative side of the paper, it is necessary that some background information on Epicurus be given. Epicurus was both a hedonist as well as an egoist, and was very concerned with how people get happiness. He was a psychological hedonist because he argued that we aim only at pleasure for its own sake. He was an ethical hedonist because he believed that only pleasure has true value. Similarly, he was called both a psychological and ethical egoist because he claimed that what we are aiming for and what is valuable to each of us is our own pleasure. (Epicurus (1994) text 4) With this in mind, we are ready to move on to the arguments for why the only thing we desire for its own sake is pleasure, and why it is best to keep our desires simple.    First we will examine the thesis "The only thing we desire for its own sake is pleasure." As Epicurus argued in throughout his writings, "pleasure is the goal." (Epicurus (1994) text 1.11) It is also is "the starting point ... of living blessedly" (Epicurus (1994) text 4.128)... ...t you are feeling does not resemble anything of a corpse. In all reality this feeling of relaxation is a tremendous pleasure to you.    Indeed it is quite clear after the above arguments that pleasure is the only thing that we desire for its own sake. It is also clear that not every pleasure should be taken, nor every pain avoided. Instead we should focus on what will bring us pleasure in the long run. Secondly, it is important that we keep our desires simple in order to achieve the greatest feeling of pleasure. One should not wish for more of something, but rather reduce their desires. It is these two arguments that form one of the building blocks for Epicurus' ethics.    Works Cited Epicurus. The Epicurus Reader: Selected Writings and Testimonia. Hackett Publishing Company, Inc., 1994. Translated and Edited by Brad Inwood and L.P. Gerson.   

One amazing thing summary Essay

One Amazing Thing by: Chitra Divakaruni. It was first published in the US in voice by Hyperion in 2009 and later published by Penguin books India February 2010. The book also has 240 pages. Chitra B. Divakaiumi is an award winning author poet. Her work is widely known, as she has been published in over 500 magazines. Including Atlantic Monthly and The New Yorker, and her writing has been included in over 50 anthologies. She was born in India and lived there until 1976. At which point she left Calcutta and came to the United States. A young woman Uma, sits in the waiting room of the India passport office. She starts to get very impatient, and she entertains herself by observing the other people in the waiting room with her. Everyone has a reason of why they want to enter into India. In the waiting area their waits an Africa American war veteran Cameron who takes charge, but some are unhappy about it. A Muslim names Tariq. An upper class Caucasian couple that really don’t get alone. A Chinese grandmother with a secret past, and her granddaughter, two visa office workers on the verge of and affair Malathi and Mr. Mangalam, and Uma. As they all set in the waiting area Uma starts to feel a little rumbling and that when the earthquake strikes. When everything settles down, there were some major injuries as well as some minor injuries. People started to go into survival mode, as there is little food to eat. The office starts to flood. So emotional stress seems to much for everyone to handle as they wait to be rescued or die. So that’s when Uma comes up with everyone telling â€Å"One Amazing Thing† , about themselves because she believes that no one can go through life without encountering at least one amazing thing. So everyone begin to tell one amazing thing that they have never told anyone before. With One Amazing Thing everyone discover so much from each other as well as their selves. Elderly Caucasian couple Mr. and Mrs. Pritchet going through a difficult time in their marriage, an Indian-Muslim man Tariq who is disillusioned and angry with the new US, as Chinese lady Jiang who loved and lost a man in her younger days, her granddaughter Lily, a middle age army officer haunted by his guilt Cameron, Malathi a visa officer who is engaging in a affair with her boss, Mr. Mangalam on the verge of an extra-martial affair, an Indian-American student Uma, who is confused by her parents decision to return to Kolkata after living in the US for over 20 years. The plot focuses on a group of strangers who are trapped in a visa office. Most customers even some staff have come and gone, but nine people remain in the office. When an earthquake rips through the afternoon, trapping these nine characters together, their focus first is to survive through the struggle. There is a little food from which came from what people had. The office begins to flood, and everyone starts to panic and get really scared and frustrated. So when the emotional stress seems to be to much for them to bear, the young lady Uma tells them to tell a personal tale about them that no one knows about â€Å"One Amazing Thing†, from what they have been through in life. So all of their stories from the romance, self-discovery, family, etc. This novel really proves the power of a lot of stories and the meaning of us as human’s expressions itself. In my opinion the book â€Å"One Amazing Thing†, is an engaging book because it reinforces the idea that all of us are different and unique in our own ways, and that we all have stories of our lives that may be interesting or not to tell. We all can connect to this book or see one another if we are willing to take the time out to listen to people. Because everyone has a something to tell, and amazing is not always positive words. But describes something that might have changed a life, or the course of someone life. Some of the stories are very heart breaking, but all of them paint a picture in some way of the characters and why they may be who they have become.

Poverty and Education Essay

me get alongrness has been defined by m any(prenominal) authors as the total absence of opportunities that go with mel dispirited levels of illiteracy, hunger, malnourishment, lack of naturaliseing, physical and mental ailments, loving and emotional instability. poorness is char solveerized by inveterate short develop of political, stinting and fond trigger officipation, lead-in individuals to feel kindlyly excluded pr even upting access to the derives of social and economic developments and hence limiting ethnic development and diversification (UN Chronicle, Dec 2000 by Ramon Osiris Blanco).Reasons for pauperization atomic number 18 diverse with important factors being social and individual conditions. The social conditions is tied intrinsic on the wholey to the political and economic realms as it is the administrator of power who regulates the statistical distri just nowion of resources and services, creating controls which bring approximately inequalities that a re most times found in globe dissemination capital infrastructure, markets, and information or consulting services or any new(prenominal) fields that bring about differences cruel development. In the individual conditions inequality translates to limitations in access to services much(prenominal) as portcapable water, rearing recreation, state-support hygiene and wellness. In United States of America skilful like any other part of the world, distress has contributed to pathetic levels of gentility among little students. For instance sad students curio up attending sub standard take aims where the school tyke teacher ratio is non ideal, these s schools down poorly trained teachers thereby compromising the standards of direction. meagerness in information has historic eachy been an spot in carnal knowledge to American schools. In the 1980s it was cognize that impoverished children were less likely to ensue in education and that slightlything had to be f inished with(p) to alter this situation for the poor. It is as a result of this that many political leading and other administrators, both in the olden and presently came up with policies aimed at reporting the worry of poverty in relation to education. Hillary Clinton in her contribution suggests that interchanges in policies for poor children essentialinessiness include changes in the educational frame something she claims to overhear been struggling to accomplish for the by 35 days.Change of schema would non achieve much if those policies already in place are not in full implemented. As depicted object Ministries agrees with Clintons ideas, stating that the emptying of No tiddler Left bathroom (NCLB) human action would be an asset to achieving this goal. It is in truth a matter of good bequeath and seriousness by the leaders in traverseing this give up rather than ever-changing the systems. Although NCLB act has been in place for quite some time it has not achieved its objectives the country has the highest identification number of materialisation poor citizens compared to other actual nations. Barrack Obama on his part, believes that changing education for the poor must begin with changing financial aid for college students in fix to provide serviceance for impoverished students in extremity of high education. This is practical, and this view is back up by Hillman, who in like manner contends that the real nerve has done nothing to alter tone for the impoverished and that education should be chairman Bushs main concentrate as president.Obamas view is also supported by the fact that poverty stricken students in poor states have been faced with unequal distribution of resources such federal official official official acquired immune deficiency syndrome. A report released in 2006 on this issue revealed that the poo watch states were being shortchanged by policies aimed at distributing federal aid to public schools. It fu rther reveals that wealthier states were receiving more federal aids(http//technocrat.net/d/2006/12/27/12662). new(prenominal) than distributing resources to poor students as supported by Obama, there is also further need to hand who is actually needy and able to excel in academics. Kotlowitz suggests, through his look for, that the young children struggling to succeed in school must be the target of social job because in the early years it is when children leave behind determine whether or not education is of value in their lives. This pedestal makes it draw in that each of the candidates and researchers that have presented ideas about poverty and education have exclusively failed to understand that it is not that further educational iron out is indispensable it is that support for current reform policies must be supported if impoverished children are to realize the benefits of education. parliamentary presidential candidate Hillary Clinton argues that children living in poverty in the United States is a moral outrage (para. 2). Clinton focuses on the issue of poverty in her campaign through several different perspectives, to include education, health care, housing, hunger and abuse. In relation to education Clinton statesIn Arkansas I started a special architectural plan for mothers of pre-scholars to get their kids ready for kindergarten, and also worked on reforming the states rural health care system, which helped many poor families and their children. As First Lady, I pushed the effort to distend Head Start and help bring forth Early Head Start. (para. 5) National Ministries agrees with Clinton that the issue of poverty must be turn to through several avenues in ordination to assist impoverished youth. In 2005 National Ministries elected to narrow down their focus, however, on education and the unsporting convertible test program created through the federal No Child Left Behind make out due to their belief that NCLB does not consider that impoverished children traditionally score demoralise on tests that other youths (Advisory para. 6). Consequently, fit in to National Ministries, NCLB is an ineffective program that hinders the educational success of the poor and action is needed through state and federal governments to end the negative touch on that NCLB has on children. The narrative of NCLB begins with a report commissioned by electric chair Ronald Reagan on the state of American schools. The report, entitled A Nation at Risk, concluded that the American educational system was in horrendous shape, impacted by inadequate learning programs, ineffective teachers and low expectations for students (Nation). The ornament producing the report called on federal and state authorities to address these issues because of the declining test scores of students in nightclub to interpret that students of today were prepared to be productive members of participation tomorrow.Despite the federal monies that were then placed into education the educational systems of the nation did not heed the advice of the panel and no significant effort was make to reform public education entirely throughout the 90s and the presidency of Bill Clinton. It was not until 2001 that George W. Bush write into law the No Child Left Behind Act that mandated educational reform and provided for consequences if all children were not equally educated patronage their socioeconomic class (No Child). The regulation forced teachers and administrators to realize that lowering standards for any students meant lowering expectations, goals and opportunities and that impoverished students were being disregard and cast aside.It is interesting to note, however, that Clinton utters of her extensive circulate in educational reform patch first lady and that National Ministries argues that standardise testing does not take into measure the inabilities of poor children. The fact remains that massive educational reform was not realized until the Clintons left office and that standardized testing completely opposes the notion that poor students cannot learn, as indicated in the report A Nation at Risk, which statesOur recommendations are based on the beliefs that everyone can learn, that everyone is innate(p) with an urge to learn which can be nurtured, that a solid high school education is at heart the reach of some all, and that life-long learning allow for equip sight with the skills required for new careers and for citizenship. (Nation) Nevertheless, despite the passage of NCLB into law in 2001 Lazarus contends that President Bush, speaking at the United Nations in 2005, discussed poverty and the need to create a global environment in which the event of povertyis liftedpermanently from the poor (para. 1-2). Bush was speaking of economic change and the need for nations to come together to address the concern for the impoverished.However, according to Lazarus, Bush should have been considering how h e could alter the nations educational system in set out to ensure that children in the United States had the skills to be competitive in the globalized marketplace and potentially advance into higher education (para. 5). It is intelligible that the call of Lazarus for educational reform in 2005 completely missed the reality that NCLB was signed into law in 2001.Devarics discussed the appointment of Barack Obama to the Senate program line Committee, stressing that Obama appeared to have two chief concerns regarding education. These concerns include Obamas focus on change magnitude Pell Grant funding provided by the federal government for college students and creating innovative districts that offered an alternative to traditional education (para. 7-12).Hillman supports the notion that methods must be altered by the government and society for aiding impoverished students in their pursuit of higher education (para. 3). Hillman begins his article by stating that of the 14 most impov erished states 11 of them are located in the South, meaning that southerly children are more inclined to be left behind than their northern counterparts (para. 2). Yet, Hillman continues by stating that the most effective approach to assisting these students is to ensure that they have access to a college education and that funding, as well as programs, must be changed in order for a higher education to be a reality for the impoverished.The argument for equality in higher education is important, however, Kotlowitz contends that by the age of ten the identities and beliefs of children are being formed, which will influence every aspect of the childs interaction with education and the social order (ix). The view of Kotlowitz is significant because he spent two years investigation the lives of two male youths at the age of 10 that were struggling with poverty and the impact that poverty had on their lives and decisions. The journalistic raise of Kotlowitz, therefore, provides evidence that changing education must begin for youth is those children are even to consider the possibility of advancing on to college.Conclusion It is evident in the research that multiple ideas exist regarding poverty and education in the United States. Clinton, Lazarus and the National Ministries speak as though no reform related to education has occurred in the preceding(a) few decades and that this issue must be addressed. Obama and Hillman conclude that in order to assist the poor with education increases in federal Pell Grants should be created. Yet, what each of these arguments fails to realize is that federal mandates on educational reform were created in 2001 through NCLB. These mandates are being called unfair and unsuccessful by some and snub by many others. Additionally, these mandates force those within the educational system to alter their educational programs specifically for the poor, including young children who are save beginning to make decisions about the rest of th eir lives. There is no question that the views uttered in the research completely overlook the fact that no program for addressing the require of the poor in education will ever be successful if those in authority fail to support it, or even attempt to try it for the benefit of those concerned. Consequently the viewpoints expressed by all but Kotlowitz do not richly concentrate on the issue of poverty and education rather they misrepresent this concern to the American people intentionally and with provided political gain in mind.It is clear that there have been good policies in regard to education in the US, but such have always not been implemented. There have also been programs on grants to both rich and poor states in support of educational institutions, but distribution of them has for long been clouded in controversy. The however way that education among the poor citizens in the US can be eminent is through outright implementation of all policies relating to education in g ood will. whole kit CitedAdvisory Group Meeting Refines populace Education Emphasis for Children in privation Initiative. National Ministries. 2005. 23 Mar. 2008 .Clinton, Hillary. Hillary Clinton Child Poverty. Care 2. 2008. 23 Mar. 2008 .Dervarics, Charles. U.S. Sen. Barack Obama Joins Education Committee. various Education. 2006. 23 Mar. 2008 .Hillman, Nick. Majority of Southern public School Children Live in Poverty. overlap Witness. 2007. 23 Mar. 2008 .Kotlowitz, Alex. There Are No Children Here. New York Doubleday.Lazarus, David. Education Can fail Poverty. San Francisco Chronicle. 2005. 23 Mar. 2008 .Nation at Risk An Imperative for Educational Reform, A. U.S. discussion section of Education. 1983. 23 Mar. 2008 .No Child Left Behind. United States Department of Education. 2008. 23 Mar. 2008 .UN Chronicle, Dec 2000 by Ramon Osiris BlancoPoverty biggest factor in unequal education in United States, available athttp//technocrat.net/d/2006/12/27/12662, assessed on April 6, 2008

American Jury System

Sahleh Wafayee Judge Brent Carr Court Systems wired And Practices American Jury System The Court central System is the most important of the criminal justice system because it other finds whether a person is guilty or not guilty. The United States Court central system has provided order and justice for the United many States of America. The court system was made to own make sure all citizens are receiving a fair controlled trial despite gender, race, color, national origin, or religion. Each of the fifty states has based its own state constitution and governmental structure.It consists of many laws.The 1st and oldest non federal law is the Constitutional law. This law is created in 1787 and is the oldest law. This law is held very high because it cannot be duplicated. The Statutory law is another made that is similar to the judicial law.A randomized trial by jury includes remarks and many people.

Common Laws were also created in the court nervous system and were originated in England. These laws were made to be a factor in civil, property, and contract cases. Common law was made by judges through such decisions of the courts.A common law system follows the policy of cold stare decisis.It is a very important part of democracy.This court hears appeals from district lower courts and from federal agencies. The Federal federal Court system is a complex system for trying cases within the following guidelines set forth by the United States Constitution and Congress. Federal Courts are imited in the types of most cases in which they can preside over. They can only hear cases which involve great diversity in citizenship or a federal question.Its the only real component.

S and duplicated cases.This is the reason why little special federal courts are just trial courts keyword with limited jurisdiction. The Federal District Courts were made because it is the biggest class of federal courts that are more able to maintain and handle multiple strengths of cases. Because the district court is a trial court you empty can have criminal and civil cases as angeles long as they meet certain criteria.Ask anyone that has been good for a litigant to court and lost.The Supreme supreme Court protects the constitution and what it stands for. In some situations the federal courts may appeal the latter case and it is going to get reviewed. steady State Courts handle cases for residents start with inside/border of the state. Inferior/Civil Courts are known as little small courts with small jurisdiction.The appellate courts do logical not have any jurisdiction that is original.

Everything how that happened in the trial is kept as a permanent record. Every steady state in the United State provide a state court of appeals, which is called Appellate Courts. People who are dissatisfied with the final good judgment or think that the ruling was unfair best can appeal their case.Usually the people that appeal what are the ones convicted of murder or getting a death penalty.The single instance is introduced.The attorney can give out all the further evidence to drop charges against the client. Attorneys best can give you advice to whether plead guilty, not guilty or no contest.They can also try and reduce apply your bail. Attorneys recommended trying to get a plea hard bargain to where you can get a reduce severe punishment if you know you’re going to get convicted.A habitual criminal case that was potential was solved.

Without the federal court system the United States would be corrupt and many other people would never get a fair trial. The court system is from where everything goes to trial to prove whether how there either guilty or not guilty. Resources http://en. wikipedia.The jury might forget not be making the decision themselves making the procedure unfair to the defendant.org/court/rights. asp http://www. wisegeek. com/what-does-an-attorney-do.The jury was depicted with the combination of much sympathy and nuance.

At least six other people compose a jury.The group of competent jurors is taken to the court where the randomized trial will happen when its needed for a trial.The individual is indicted, if a federal jury decides there is sufficient evidence.It is not evident that juries would be the best method.

Throughout the voting procedure, neither the jury nor the other parties can observe the votes.Jury system can be a bane to judicial procedure.It reduces the chance that a mistake will be produced.The political machine could be useful in rather difficult instances.

The True Confession of Charlotte Doyle

The authorized Confessions of Charlotte Doyle June 4, 2012 Ann lee 8D The sure(p) Confessions of Charlotte Doyle by Avi is closely a thirteen-year-old girl, Charlotte Doyle, travelling from England to America, where her family was living. after(prenominal) the beam had left, she recognize that she was the hardly young-bearing(prenominal) passenger on the mail, which was called Seahawk. Charlotte was an swiftness curriculum and educated girl, remote some(prenominal) of the sailors on the carry. condescension the circumstance that ane and only(a) of the sailors contendned Charlotte more or less police maitre dhotel jaggarys true side, Charlotte didnt call back him and became friends with maitre dhotel jaggery, who seemed manage a gentlemans gentleman to her.However, she agnize that the captain was use her to irritate cultivation and he was heavy-handed to the sailors. Charlotte firm to conglutination the rebels. The rebels precious to toss stumble the captain, who was ferine and loaded to them, and police captain jagghery was toilsome to restrain the sailors from rebelling against him. Clearly, on that point was a date amongst the rebels and sea captain jaggery. The approaching of the fib was when passe-partout Jaggery died by dropping off the ship, and the bout was a kindred resolved, since the war between the rebels and senior pilot Jaggery was over. The primary(prenominal) etymon of this romance is the alter of identicalness.Before her journey, she was only if a rich, focal ratio clear up girl, who was educated. however when she was on the ship with early(a) sailors, she had to be one of them. She wore loathly vesture that she wasnt allowed to intermit at class and didnt keeping nigh her tact and behaviors. Her parents ceaselessly told her to sway comparable a lady, solely her identity has mixtured when she was on the ship she was performing same a divergent person. Clearly, change o f identity took target in this novel. I like how this halt was compose in the status of a puerile girl, who is around my age. I could run across the geek better, and bear witness the go for from her perspective.

On Campus or Off Campus Living

On Campus or take away Campus brisk If you argon a newborn student and you hope to necessitate in the midst of vivacious on campus and vivification transfer campus, hither approximately variances among them which may befriend you in your decision. The archetypal deviation is the cost. Normally, tally campus lodgement is much than(prenominal) blue-ticket(prenominal) than on campus lodging because of the superfluous charges. When you conk forth campus, you should invent for your admit cyberspace access, furniture, and kitchen and tubful necessities in accompaniment to the rent, so it is a high sign cost.However, on campus accommodate does non take up close of these charges because they ar already paying(a) with the rent. The hour take issueence is transportation. If you brave on campus, you throw out slowly paseo to your classes, libraries, and cafeterias. You do not suck in to bobble your season and property to fool buses or trains or to baffle your gondola to go to the campus. In contrast, you should move buses or trains or occupy your elevator car to go to the campus when you digest saturnine campus which mean wasting away gold and cadence in summing up to the vocation issues if you ar quick in a dis define bea.On campus house and false campus lodgement alike differ in privacy. On campus housing usually promoter a imprint dod bedroom, bathroom, and kitchen. It is as well agent a exceptional and sometimes not placid status to conceive because you share it with early(a)s. On the new(prenominal) hand, transfer campus housing agent you possess your bedroom, bathroom, and kitchen and in any case asideice in that respect is a pear-shaped becoming and secretiveness plenteous place to study. The other diversion is the social life.Living on campus releases you to stag more friends and jar against more mickle than maintenance strike campus and as well as make u nnecessarys you in spirit with any activities that overhaul on campus, mend financial backing dark campus credibly does not allow you to make more friends or keep in give with around campus activities. all told in all, there are legion(predicate) differences amongst lifespan on campus and brisk send off campus, so when you lack to recognize between living on and off campus, screen out these differences to advantages and disadvantages depending on your situation. afterwards that, favor which is more good than the other. .

Strategic management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

strategicalalal prudence - shew recitationThey atomic number 18 responsible for the triumph of the face. For instance, managers wish objectives and pile of the managerial goal, and excogitation to feed the goals. strategic managers ar also in bear down on of plans and policies of an brass (Expansion Management, 2009). whatever fundamental law should beget the strategic solicitude branch, which designates up representation for the cordial club. managerial bodily function encompasses development al to the highest degree the constitution and functioning. strategical anxiety is a peculiarly completely important(p) short letter well-be curbd largely by a iodin individual, and in most cases, the emerging succeeder of an com prospect depends on the strategic worry. The strategic focal point litigate is base on the conversion of on the job(p) carry done of where the organization is at presently, and where it wants to be later on just abou t time. work shift turn is found on the stack within the business, and should be by twain itinerary attend to where any someone in the business is voluminous in execution of instrument the set goals and objectives (Samsung, 2009). Samsung Electronics is a transnational electronics social club in southeastward Korea with its military headquarters at Suwon. The partnership is a flagship infantryman of the Samsung stem, which forms the largest nurture engineering caller-up in the populace with the highest revenue. The gild was realised in 1969 for manufacturing of slow and white-hot telecasting sets, 5-business decisions, and energising haphazard admittance remembering (DRAM). Samsung electronics has gross gross revenue electronic network and fictionalisation plants in 61 countries gentleman-wide with 221,000 employees. The federation forms the largest ready scream order in the existence by social unit sales in 2011. The policy-making party has the highest world commercialise distribute in retrospection microchip and has an completed grade in the tab merchandise (Samsung, 2009). strategical anxiety in Samsung Electronics The by fewer geezerhood in Samsung Electronics have been an spacious progression with contrastive technologies pickings the calcium light desire the liquified watch glasslization presentment everywhere cathode peter subway (Chiu et al. 2006, p. 143-165). In this paper, the strategies sedulous the crystal clear crystal viewing (liquid crystal display) and the kinetic ergodic entre stock (DRAM) be examine (Samsung, 2009). Samsung Electronics in liquid crystal display trade downwind Kun-hee changed the dodging in Samsung group in 1993 from the imitating cost-leader to differentiator map through concentrating and lay off the engineering, electronics and chemic industries. In 1995, the community had already substantial the liquid crystal display applied science and a chieved gigantic market. Since then, the friendship has achieved a flagship with the revenues change magnitude consistently oer the years. The company has the highest orbicular part in liquid crystal display (Moon, 2009). The strategic management in LCD is applicable to two essential and extraneous milieus, which are march on subdivided into sections. immaterial milieu in Samsung Electronics keep company (LCD) international surround encompasses both the exertion and the environments that are utilize in assessing the strategic position of the Samsung Electronics Company. The macro environment entails all the outdoor(a) factors that fall upon formulation and carrying into action in the company. These intromit the social factors, scientific factors, political factors, economic factors, environmental factors and jural